AUTOMATED RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM WITH LOOPLINE FEEDBACK

Abstract: This project presents an Automated Railway Signaling System with Loopline Feedback designed to enhance railway safety and reduce human error at stations. The system is built around ESP32microcontroller board that coordinates multiple hardware components, including an LCD display, servo motor, IR sensors, limit switch, manual switches, buzzer, and a Wi-Fi module. Two manual switches are used by the station master to select the track and set the signal (red or green). Based on the switch status, a servo motor automatically changes the track alignment. A limit switch provides loopline feedback to confirm whether the track has been correctly changed, ensuring reliable operation. Two IR sensors are placed on the main line and loop line respectively to detect the presence of a train on either track. When the station master sets the signal to green, the system first verifies track alignment using the limit switch and checks for any existing train presence using the IR sensors. If the track is not properly set or a train is already present, the system prevents unsafe operation by activating a buzzer and displaying a warning on the LCD. Simultaneously, fault and status information is transmitted to a mobile application via the ThingSpeak cloud using internal Wi-Fi module. This integrated feedback and communication mechanism ensures real-time monitoring, improves operational safety, and demonstrates a low-cost, reliable approach to automated railway signaling and track management.

Keywords: Automated Railway Signaling System, Loop Line Feedback, Railway Safety, Track Switching, Signal Control, Train Detection, Real-Time Monitoring, Embedded System, IoT-based System