Data Hiding in Encrypted H.264/AVC Video Streams by Codeword Substitution

Abstract: Due to increasing security requirements, digital videos need to be encrypted to maintain confidentially, integrity and availability. This paper proposes data embedding in H.264/AVC video where the embedded data is restored without knowing the original video content. In this manner, confidentially is preserved. The property of H.264/AVC code, the codeword of the intra-prediction modes, motion vector differences and residual coefficients are encrypted with the stream ciphers. User may hide additional data in the encrypted domain by using code word substitution method. Data can be restored in encrypted domain or in the decrypted domain.

Keywords: Data hiding, encrypted domain, H.264/AVC, codeword substitution.