Evolution of Performance Metrics between Routing Protocols for MANETS

Abstract: Graphical passwords provide a promising alternative to traditional alphanumeric passwords due to the fact that humans can remember pictures better than text. A simple graphical authentication system that consists of a sequence of „n‟ images and the user has to select the click points associated with one of the „n‟ image for login. The proposed mechanism is a more secure graphical password authentication which consists of a sequence of „n‟ images in the grid format and the user is asked to select a precise image from the grid during registration. This authentication system employs the user‟s personal handheld device or E-mail as the second factor of authentication. In the login phase, the user enters the username to the website. The username transmitted to the database by the server and it displays a set of images in grid. A precise image is selected from the “n” images and is provided to the server. The server generates a random pixel value from the selected picture and sends it to handheld device. The user is asked to do five click points on the image according to the pixel value in some specific order within some time constraints (e.g. if there are 10 random pixel value user should enter [2], [4], [6], [8], [9] pixel value for successful login); the pixel value acts as a onetime password. The user is authenticated only if he/she selects and clicks on the correct pixel value. The inaccurate pointing of pixel value leads to the unsuccessful authentication and the login access get denied.

Keywords: Graphical passwords, Images, Pixel values, Authentication, Log in.