SMART SOIL IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Abstract: Agriculture plays a vital role in supporting human life and economic development. Efficient irrigation is essential for maintaining healthy crop growth and conserving water resources. Traditional irrigation methods often depend on manual observation, which can lead to over-irrigation or under-irrigation. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Smart Soil Irrigation System that automates irrigation based on soil moisture levels. The system uses a soil moisture sensor to continuously monitor soil conditions and a microcontroller to control a water pump through a relay module. When the soil becomes dry, the system automatically activates irrigation, and when the desired moisture level is reached, the pump stops. The proposed system operates locally without relying on internet connectivity or cloud infrastructure, making it cost-effective and suitable for small-scale farmers. Experimental evaluation shows that the system effectively maintains appropriate soil moisture levels and reduces unnecessary water usage.

Keywords: Smart Irrigation, Soil Moisture Sensor, Automated Irrigation System, Microcontroller, Precision Agriculture