Design and Simulation of Miniaturized Minkowski Fractal Antennas for microwave applications

Abstract: In Modern era of technology lots of research is going on in the Wireless Technology. Fractal is a recursively generated structure having self-similar shape, which means that some of the parts have the same shape as the whole object but at different scale. The self-similarity property of fractals if a small part of a fractal is magnified, more features that are reminiscent of the whole can be seen. Achievement of fractal owns property of increasing electrical length of antenna largely and 65% size reduction achieved compared to an ordinary Microstrip antenna at same resonance frequency. Tag and reader are the main two components which involves in the implementation of RFID. A tag consists of an antenna and a programmable chip. Basically a rectangular patch antenna has designed to resonate at 1.03 GHz. Introduction of a floral shaped fractal into basic rectangular patch antenna in the first iteration which resonates at 0.72 GHz and further in second iteration it resonates at 0.636 GHz. result shows the increment in electrical length of microstrip antenna and shifting of resonant frequency.

Keywords: Fractal, Minkowski island, Koch snowflake, Floral, Microstrip, RFID, patch